Protective Effect of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) in Diseases with Uncontrolled Immune Activation: Could Such a Scenario Be Helpful to Counteract COVID-19?
Some of the coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) of the patients developed acute pneumonia which can result in cytokine storm syndrome in response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. anti-inflammatory drugs are most effectively used so far in COVID-19 heavy-owned cytokine-directed biological agents, widely used in the management of various autoimmune diseases.
In this paper we analyze the effectiveness of epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant substance in green tea leaves and well-known antioxidant, in counteracting the autoimmune disease, which is dominated by the major cytokine production. Indeed, many of the studies listed that EGCG inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1/3 and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B cells (NF-kB) transcription factor, whose activities are very important in a diversity of downstream signaling pathways pro -inflamasi.
Importantly, security / green tea extract EGCG supplements are well documented in many clinical trials, as discussed in this review. Since EGCG can restore the natural immunological homeostasis in many different autoimmune diseases, we propose here therapy COVID supplementation with EGCG in 19 patients. In addition to several actions antivirus and anti-sepsis, major EGCG benefits lie in the anti-fibrotic effects and the ability to simultaneously downregulate expression and signaling of many inflammatory mediators. In conclusion, EGCG may be considered as a potential safe natural supplement to counteract the hyper-inflammatory grow in COVID-19.
The topical application of Brown Seaweed alleviate Phlorotannins Radiation Dermatitis in Mouse Model
Radiation dermatitis (RD) is one of the common side effects of most of radiotherapy; progress of symptoms of erythema dry and moist desquamation, causing deterioration of the quality of life of patients. active metabolites in brown seaweed, including phlorotannins (PTN), demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity; However, they are limited medical use. Here, we examined the effects of PTN in a mouse model of RD in vivo. X-ray (36 Gy) delivered in three fractions with the rear leg of BALB / c mice. RD macroscopic scoring revealed that PTN is significantly reduced compared to the vehicle control RD.
Histopathological analysis of skin tissue revealed that PTN decreased epidermal and dermal thickness compared to the vehicle control. Western blotting showed that PTN plus nuclear factor erythroid factor of 2-related 2 (NRF2) / heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway activation but attenuated radiation NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) and inflammasome activation, suggesting mitigation of acute inflammation in mice irradiated skin.
Universities also facilitate a rapid recovery, as shown by an increase in aquaporin 3 expression and decreased γH2AX (members of the family of histone X) expression. Our results suggest that topical application of State may reduce symptoms of RD by pressing the oxidative stress and inflammatory signals and by promoting the healing process. Therefore, the State can show great potential as cosmeceuticals for patients with cancer suffering from the side effects of radiation-induced inflammation as RD.
neurodegenerative diseases (NDS) is a debilitating condition characterized by degeneration of neurons in certain brain regions, causing disability and death in patients. In the pathophysiology of NDS, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation of the nerves have an important role, as shown by in vivo and in vitro models. Therefore, the use of molecules with antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory is possible strategies for the treatment of NDS. Many studies have shown the beneficial effects of fumaric acid esters (FAEs) to neutralize nerve inflammation and oxidative stress.
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